Glossary

EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)

Metabolism Energy Expenditure Training

Energy expenditure from planned exercise: resistance training, cardio, conditioning. One of the four main components of TDEE – alongside BMR, NEAT and TEF.

Notice

This page provides context and guardrails. Not individual training, nutrition or therapy advice. Suitability & tolerance vary individually.

Definition and System Context

Short Explained EAT refers to the energy expenditure caused by planned exercise – e.g. resistance training, cardio or mobility sessions. Unlike NEAT, EAT is programmable and intentional.

  • Influencers: Training duration, intensity, body weight, exercise type.
  • Variability: Differences of 200–1000 kcal per day are common.
  • Synergy: EAT works together with NEAT, TEF and BMR to define TDEE.
Notice

EAT is a control lever – not a goal itself. In gaining phases, quality of stimuli > calories burned.

EAT in Muscle Gain (Hardgainer Perspective)

  • Goal: Create an anabolic stimulus, not calorie burn.
  • Recommendation: 3–5 resistance sessions per week, focus on progression & form.
  • Cardio: 1–2 LISS sessions (20–30 min) for recovery and cardiovascular health.
  • Risk: Too much EAT → NEAT rises, appetite drops → growth stalls.
Notice

At high training volume (MRV), ensure recovery and respect the SRA principle.

Control and Practical Use

  • Periodization: Cycle EAT volume to prevent overtraining.
  • Monitoring: Combine step tracking (NEAT) + training log.
  • Calorie Adjustment: Add +150–300 kcal with extra training to maintain a Lean Surplus.

Common Misconceptions

  • “The more training, the better.” False. Growth depends on balance between stimulus & recovery – see Myth #2: “More training = more muscle?”
  • “Cardio kills gains.” Not necessarily – dose & timing matter. See Myth #3: “Cardio kills your gains.”
  • “EAT fixes everything.” No – without proper caloric framework, progress stalls. See Myth #5: “You need to get fat to build muscle.”
Notice

For deeper insight, explore the Myth-Busting Series: the interplay between training volume, nutrition and recovery is key for consistent growth.

Featured entry

Metabolism System – BMR, NEAT, EAT, TEF and TDEE at a glance

The Metabolism Flow shows how BMR, NEAT, EAT and TEF together build your daily energy expenditure (TDEE) – with typical percentage ranges, hardgainer context and clear orientation guardrails instead of rigid prescriptions.

Use it as your homebase when tuning maintenance calories, a lean surplus or your rate of gain in a structured way.

🔎 View Metabolism System

Context & System

Notice: Descriptive information for orientation; consider individual differences and contraindications.

Notice

Notice

Descriptive information for orientation — not a treatment, diet or training prescription. Individual differences and possible contraindications apply.

© Hardgainer Performance Nutrition® • Glossary • Updated: Nov 21, 2025